Advantages and disadvantages of preparing alcohol

	Advantages	Disadvantages
Fermentation	-Cheap renewable resource (e.g sugar canes)	-It’s a very slow reaction, so it takes too much time
Industrially	-very fast and efficient -also a continuous process	-Uses non-renewable resources like crude oil

3.6 and 3.7 i can recall the general formula and displayed formula of alkenes

Name of alkene	Molecular formula	Dot and cross diagram	Displayed formula	State at room temp (25oC)

What is the general formula for alkenes?

1.       Describe and explain the trend in boiling point
The boiling points are lower because unsaturated alkenes have weaker bonds. 

2.       Explain why there is no such compound as methane
 because there is only one carbon in the equivalent alkane and so no carbon carbon double bond can be formed.

3.       How do you quickly identify from the displayed formula that the hydrocarbon is unsaturated?
unsaturated hydrocarbons have a display formula of: CnH2n,, saturated hydrocarbons have twice the amount plus two of hydrogens from carbons 

3.8 I can describe the reaction between alkenes and bromine

1.       Write the word equation showing the reaction between ethene and bromine water

2.       Draw the displayed formula of the reaction above

Take a photo of the answers to 1. and 2. and upload to your blog

3.       Explain the observations

4.       Why does this reaction not need a catalyst?

5.       What type of reaction is this called?

6.       Explain why this reaction is useful

3.5 I can recall the reaction of methane and bromine

Alkanes react with liquid bromine in the presence of UV


Explain why this condition is necessary
Energy is needed for bromine to break. The UV lights tickle the bromine, causing them to gain more energy and eventually breaking them
What is this type of reaction called?
Substitute reaction
State and explain the observation
Liquid bromine changes color from brown/red to colorless. This is because the bromine turns into bromine radacles after they break apart.. Hydrogen bromide is colorless
Draw the displayed formula of the reaction between methane and bromine 

Write out a balanced (with state symbols) the reaction between ethane and chlorine
CL2(L) --> C2H5Cl+ HCL
State and explain the observation in this chemical reaction
Ethane goes from yellow green to colorless.

3.2 and 3.3 I can recall the general formula and displayed formulae of alkenes

3.5I can recall the reaction of methane and bromine

·         Alkanes react with bromine in the presence of UV

·         Explain why this condition is necessary

This condition is needed because the heat energy breaks the bonds

3.       What is this type of reaction called

Substitution reaction

4.       State and explain the observations

Changes color from brown to colorless

5.       Draw the displayed formula of the reaction between methane and bromine (upload a photo)

6.       Write out a balanced (with state symbols) the reaction between ethane and chlorine

C2H6( + Cl2(g) -->

7.       State and explain the observations in this chemical reaction

3.4 I can recall the products of complete and incomplete combustion of alkenes

1.       Saturated hydrocarbons are called Alkanes

2.       Small chain alkanes are used as fuels

3.       The reaction is called combustion

4.       The word equation for  this chemical reaction is :

fuel (Hydrocarbon) + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide +Water + ENERGY (heat, light, sound)

5.       If there is insufficient oxygen then the word equation is:

fuel (Hydrocarbon) +Oxygen → Carbon monoxide + Water + ENERGY (heat, light, sound)

6.       The problem with this reaction is that Carbon monoxide is produced. This gas is a danger to the human body (see objective 5.11)

7.       Where can you find incomplete combustion?

          In cars

8.       What is used to reduce the harmful products from incomplete combustion?

         A catalytic converter

9.       During incomplete combustion a smoky flame is often seen, explain this observation

         It's because of the soot (unburned carbon)

Extension- Write a balanced equation for the combustion of propane gas

C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) --> 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l)
10. Describe the two chemical tests for water      
 anhydrous copper sulphate turns from white to blue
      
 cobalt 2 chloride paper turns from blue to pink