5.12 I can recall the problems associated with the fractional distillation of crude oil

When crude oil undergoes fractional distillation, there are too many long chain hydrocarbons ( eg. refianary gas) produced and not enough short chain hydrocarbons (eg. petrol). To solve these problems the long chain hydrocarbons undergo a chemical reaction called cracking

5.11, I can recall how nitrogen oxides are formed in car engines

a.       Write the general equation for the combustion of a fuel

Fuel + O2 -----> Energy + CO2 + H2O

b.      During combustion the nitrogen in air can react to form what gases?

NOx (nitrogen and oxygen)

c.       What condition is necessary for the formation of these gases?

A high temperature

d.      In what common object is this condition found?

In cars/ Vehicles

e.      Why is this condition needed for nitrogen to react?

 because Nitrogen has very strong triple covalent bonds

f.        What are the dangers of the products from this reaction?

It can shorten your life by up to 9 years, due to lung disease, skin irritation, and cancers

5.7 i Can describe how crude oil is seperated

Flash Cards:


http://quizlet.com/5547363/57-i-can-describe-how-crude-oil-is-seperated-flash-cards/

5.10 I can recall the problems associated with incomplete combustion

Properties of Carbon monoxide
It's highly toxic, odorless, and colorless
Explain how carbon monoxide is formed
In regular combustion: fuel + O2 --> CO2 + energy OR fuel + oxygen
but when there is lack of oxygen: fuel + O --> CO + energy
So basically, carbon monoxide forms when there is a lack of oxygen
Why is carbon monoxide poisonous?
Our hemoglobins have a liking for carbon monoxide, so instead of carrying oxygen, it carries carbon monoxide. This causes a lack of oxygen being delivered in our body, which can cause severe illness and eventually, death

5.9: I can describe the trend in boiling point and viscosity of the main fractions

What is the trend in boiling point of the fractions?
With each new fraction, their boiling point of the fractions increase
Define viscosity
Viscosity is the thickness of a liquid
What is the trend in viscosity of the fractions?
With each new fraction, they become more viscous
What is the trend in color of the fractions?
With each new fraction, their color becomes darker
Why is crude oil separated into fractions?
Because when separated, we can obtain more fossil fuels. Plus, crude oil that alone is useless.

What physical features allow this?
The difference in boiling points 

5.8: I can recall the names and uses of the main fractions obtained from crude oil

5.6 I can recall what crude oil is made form

a. Define the word hydrocarbon….	An organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen
b. What is crude oil made from?	They were produced from the decay of tiny plants and animals millions of years ago. It's also a compound of hydrogen and carbon
c. Define the word compound….	2 or more elements that are chemically joined-a pure substance
d. Define the word mixture…..	2 or more elements that are NOT chemically joined. Physically joined

4.       Read pgs 140 & 141 Chem 4 You and add these to the table above

d. How long does crude oil take to make?	150 millions years
e. Where does the energy in crude oil originally come from?	The sun
f. How is crude oil different from coal?	Coal was made from decayed plants under swamps, while crude oil was made by decayed plankton under the sea. Also, coal is solid and crude oil is liquid
g. Crude oil, coal and natural gas are collectively known as _________ fuels	Fossil
h. How is crude oil transported when it is extracted from the ground?	By a pipeline or an oil tanker